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[Which sleeping bag for the Camino de Santiago?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/96-which-sleeping-bag-for-the-camino-de-santiago) - - [How to choose a hiking sleeping mat](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/175-how-to-choose-a-hiking-sleeping-mat) - [Inflate your sleeping mat effortlessly](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/60-inflate-your-sleeping-mat-effortlessly) - [The best insulated trekking mats](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/89-the-best-insulated-trekking-mats) - [The best Therm-a-Rest inflatable sleeping mats](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/143-the-best-therm-a-rest-inflatable-sleeping-mats) - [Insulated sleeping mats: what is R-value?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/54-insulated-sleeping-mats-what-is-r-value) - - [Minor hiking repairs: carrying the right kit](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/159-minor-hiking-repairs-carrying-the-right-kit) - - [How to equip yourself for the Camino de Santiago](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/203-how-to-equip-yourself-for-the-camino-de-santiago) - [Sleeping warm in survival situations: common mistakes](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/223-sleeping-warm-in-survival-situations-common-mistakes) - [Bag](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/237-hiking-backpacks) - - [Hiking backpack](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/252-hiking-backpacks) - [10–20 L hiking backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/438-1020-l-hiking-backpacks) - [20–30 L hiking backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/91-2030-l-hiking-backpacks) - [35–45 L hiking backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/93-3545-l-hiking-backpacks) - [50–55 L hiking backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/89-5055-l-hiking-backpacks) - [60–70 L hiking backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/88-6070-l-hiking-backpacks) - [70–85 L hiking backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/87-7085-l-hiking-backpacks) - - [Backpack](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/252-hiking-backpacks) - [Cycling and mountain biking hydration packs](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/112-cycling-and-mountain-biking-hydration-packs) - 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[How to pack your hiking backpack properly](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/200-how-to-pack-your-hiking-backpack-properly) - [How to choose a hiking backpack](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/18-how-to-choose-a-hiking-backpack) - [Choosing a cycle touring backpack, and when to avoid one](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/228-choosing-a-cycle-touring-backpack-and-when-to-avoid-one) - [How to adjust a hiking backpack in 7 steps](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/16-how-to-adjust-a-hiking-backpack-in-7-steps) - [The best Gregory backpacks for hiking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/170-the-best-gregory-backpacks-for-hiking) - [Which hiking backpack should you choose if you are short?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/209-which-hiking-backpack-should-you-choose-if-you-are-short) - [Which backpack for a day hike?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/185-which-backpack-for-a-day-hike) - [Which carrying system for my backpack?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/204-which-carrying-system-for-my-backpack) - [Lightweight or comfortable backpack: the right balance](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/167-lightweight-or-comfortable-backpack-the-right-balance) - - [How to choose your tactical backpack](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/37-how-to-choose-your-tactical-backpack) - [What is the MOLLE system for backpacks?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/38-what-is-the-molle-system-for-backpacks) - - [Minor hiking repairs: carrying the right kit](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/159-minor-hiking-repairs-carrying-the-right-kit) - - [How to equip yourself for the Camino de Santiago](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/203-how-to-equip-yourself-for-the-camino-de-santiago) - [Clothing](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/239-clothing) - - [Rainwear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/255-hiking-rainwear) - [Men's waterproof jackets](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/32-men-s-waterproof-jackets) - [Women's waterproof jackets](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/35-women-s-waterproof-jackets) - [Rain ponchos](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/111-rain-ponchos) - 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Special offers [Men's clothing offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-textile-homme) [Women's clothing offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-textile-femme) [Glove, hat and sock offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-gants-bonnets-chaussettes) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [Rain poncho or hiking rain jacket: how to choose](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/53-rain-poncho-or-hiking-rain-jacket-how-to-choose) - [Choosing a waterproof hiking jacket](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/27-choosing-a-waterproof-hiking-jacket) - [How to care for your waterproof jacket](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/111-how-to-care-for-your-waterproof-jacket) - [How to choose waterproof trousers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/142-how-to-choose-waterproof-trousers) - [What to wear on a multi-day trek](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/169-what-to-wear-on-a-multi-day-trek) - [Rain poncho comparison](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/94-rain-poncho-comparison) - [Waterproof or watertight: what is the difference?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/88-waterproof-or-watertight-what-is-the-difference) - [The 3-layer system: how does it work?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/202-the-3-layer-system-how-does-it-work) - - [Merino wool for hiking: what are the benefits?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/139-merino-wool-for-hiking-what-are-the-benefits) - - [How to equip yourself for the Camino de Santiago](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/203-how-to-equip-yourself-for-the-camino-de-santiago) - [Cycling](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/240-cycle-touring) - - [Bike panniers and bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/39-bike-panniers-and-bags) - [Bike panniers: front and rear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/41-bike-panniers-front-and-rear) - [Bike bags: saddle and frame](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/42-bike-bags-saddle-and-frame) - [Bike bags: handlebar](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/40-bike-bags-handlebar) - - [Cyclist equipment](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/257-cyclist-equipment) - 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[Lightweight self-inflating sleeping mats](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/77-lightweight-self-inflating-sleeping-mats) - [Lightweight sleeping bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/132-lightweight-sleeping-bags) - - [Gas stoves and fuel](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/46-gas-stoves-and-fuel) - [Sports energy food](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/55-sports-energy-food) - [Freeze-dried meals and soups](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/6-freeze-dried-meals-and-soups) - [Camping cookware sets](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/58-camping-cookware-sets) - [Freeze-dried breakfasts and desserts](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/54-freeze-dried-breakfasts-and-desserts) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [How to organise your bags for a cycling trip](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/234-how-to-organise-your-bags-for-a-cycling-trip) - [How to choose bike panniers and bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/189-how-to-choose-bike-panniers-and-bags) - [Choosing a cycle touring backpack, and when to avoid one](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/228-choosing-a-cycle-touring-backpack-and-when-to-avoid-one) - [Managing heat and hydration on summer cycling trips](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/221-managing-heat-and-hydration-on-summer-cycling-trips) - [How to equip yourself for cycle touring](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/35-how-to-equip-yourself-for-cycle-touring) - [Camping equipment and cyclists' kit for cycle touring](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/36-camping-equipment-and-cyclists-kit-for-cycle-touring) - [How to stay dry when cycling in rain](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/201-how-to-stay-dry-when-cycling-in-rain) - [Bike luggage: lightweight bikepacking or cycle touring?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/215-bike-luggage-lightweight-bikepacking-or-cycle-touring) - [Walking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/244-for-walking) - - [Poles](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/107-poles) - [Trekking poles](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/397-trekking-poles) - [Trail running poles](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/398-trail-running-poles) - [Walking sticks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/400-walking-sticks) - [Trekking pole accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/401-trekking-pole-accessories) - [Hiking footwear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/51-hiking-footwear) - [Men's hiking footwear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/52-men-s-hiking-footwear) - [Women's hiking footwear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/53-women-s-hiking-footwear) - [Hiking sandals](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/471-hiking-sandals) - [Insoles and footwear care](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/8-insoles-and-footwear-care) - [Hiking socks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/256-head-hands-and-feet) - [Hiking socks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/19-hiking-socks) - [Running socks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/153-running-socks) - - Instruments - [Solar chargers and power banks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/61-solar-chargers-and-power-banks) - [Binoculars](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/71-binoculars) - [Compasses / map cases](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/36-compasses-map-cases) - [Lighting](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/264-lighting) - [Torches](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/48-torches) - [Lanterns and camping lights](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/62-lanterns-and-camping-lights) - [Head torches](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/72-head-torches) - - [Mandatory trail running equipment](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/517-mandatory-ultra-trail-equipment) - [Mandatory ultra-trail equipment](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/517-mandatory-ultra-trail-equipment) - [Snow](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/241-snow) - [Snowshoes](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/20-snowshoes) - [Crampons and snow accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/50-crampons-and-snow-accessories) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [Folding or telescopic trekking poles: how to choose](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/71-folding-or-telescopic-trekking-poles-how-to-choose) - [How to choose walking poles](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/32-how-to-choose-walking-poles) - [Should you use trekking poles?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/98-should-you-use-trekking-poles) - [The 10 best trekking poles](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/112-the-10-best-trekking-poles) - - [Firm or flexible hiking footwear?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/117-firm-or-flexible-hiking-footwear) - [Choosing between high-cut and low-cut hiking footwear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/55-choosing-between-high-cut-and-low-cut-hiking-footwear) - [Hiking footwear care: the essential guide to lasting use](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/211-hiking-footwear-care-the-essential-guide-to-lasting-use) - [How to prevent blisters when hiking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/158-how-to-prevent-blisters-when-hiking) - [Video advice on choosing hiking footwear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/21-video-advice-on-choosing-hiking-footwear) - - [How to choose a head torch](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/195-how-to-choose-a-head-torch) - [How to choose a trail running head torch](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/212-how-to-choose-a-trail-running-head-torch) - [10 powerful head torches: choose by runtime and use](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/246-10-powerful-head-torches-choose-by-runtime-and-use) - [The 5 best Petzl head torches](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/138-the-5-best-petzl-head-torches) - [Our range of Armytek head torches](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/220-our-range-of-armytek-head-torches) - - [How to read an IGN map](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/152-how-to-read-an-ign-map) - [How to equip yourself for the Camino de Santiago](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/203-how-to-equip-yourself-for-the-camino-de-santiago) - [How to use a compass when hiking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/20-how-to-use-a-compass-when-hiking) - [Mandatory trail running kit list](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/95-mandatory-trail-running-kit-list) - [Minor hiking repairs: carrying the right kit](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/159-minor-hiking-repairs-carrying-the-right-kit) - [What should a hiking first aid kit contain?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/196-what-should-a-hiking-first-aid-kit-contain) - - [How to choose snowshoes](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/84-how-to-choose-snowshoes) - [What equipment do you need for snowshoeing?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/199-what-equipment-do-you-need-for-snowshoeing) - [TSL snowshoes: which model should you choose?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/188-tsl-snowshoes-which-model-should-you-choose) - [Travel](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/242-for-travelling) - - [Hygiene](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/243-hygiene) - [Soaps and hygiene accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/374-soaps-and-hygiene-accessories) - [Travel and hiking wash bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/49-travel-and-hiking-wash-bags) - [Hiking towels](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/119-hiking-towels) - [Health](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/443-health) - [Hiker's first aid](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/7-hiker-s-first-aid) - [Treated mosquito nets and insect repellent sprays](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/57-treated-mosquito-nets-and-insect-repellent-sprays) - [Water filtration and purification](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/59-water-filtration-and-purification) - [Tick protection](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/449-tick-protection) - - [Travel accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/263-travel-accessories) - [Travel pillows, sleep masks and accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/9-travel-pillows-sleep-masks-and-accessories) - [Solar chargers and power banks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/61-solar-chargers-and-power-banks) - [Binoculars](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/71-binoculars) - [Protection & safety](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/262-protection-and-safety) - [Waist packs, pouches and money belts](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/43-waist-packs-pouches-and-money-belts) - [Protective covers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/94-protective-covers) - [Waterproof storage bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/134-waterproof-storage-bags) - [Locks / pack covers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/131-locks-pack-covers) - [Storage bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/372-storage-bags) - - [Bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/261-bags) - [Cabin luggage](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/129-cabin-luggage) - [Travel bags and duffel bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/97-travel-bags-and-duffel-bags) - [Travel backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/130-travel-backpacks) - [Daypacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/115-daypacks) - - [Campervans & motorhomes](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/513-campervans-and-motorhomes) - [Campervan accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/514-campervan-accessories) - [Camping and campervan showers and toilets](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/515-camping-and-campervan-showers-and-toilets) - [Campervan and motorhome cooking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/516-campervan-and-motorhome-cooking) - [Lighting](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/264-lighting) - [Torches](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/48-torches) - [Lanterns and camping lights](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/62-lanterns-and-camping-lights) - [Head torches](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/72-head-torches) - [Camping accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/263-travel-accessories) - [Camping chairs and armchairs](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/34-camping-chairs-and-armchairs) - [Camping kitchen accessories and furniture](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/110-camping-kitchen-accessories-and-furniture) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [How to choose a power bank and solar panel](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/140-how-to-choose-a-power-bank-and-solar-panel) - [How to optimise your campervan equipment](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/113-how-to-optimise-your-campervan-equipment) - [How to wash on a trek](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/155-how-to-wash-on-a-trek) - [How to protect yourself from mosquitoes](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/123-how-to-protect-yourself-from-mosquitoes) - [Staying in a mountain hut with a child: what is it like?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/156-staying-in-a-mountain-hut-with-a-child-what-is-it-like) - [Essential accessories for your travels](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/184-essential-accessories-for-your-travels) - [Minor hiking repairs: carrying the right kit](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/159-minor-hiking-repairs-carrying-the-right-kit) - [Preventing and managing altitude sickness](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/157-preventing-and-managing-altitude-sickness) - [Which safety accessories do you need for hiking?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/99-which-safety-accessories-do-you-need-for-hiking) - [Sitting comfortably on the move](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/182-sitting-comfortably-on-the-move) - [Cooking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/245-eating-drinking-when-hiking) - - [Food](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/266-food-and-freeze-dried-meals) - [Sports energy food](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/55-sports-energy-food) - [Freeze-dried meals and soups](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/6-freeze-dried-meals-and-soups) - [High-calorie double-serving freeze-dried meals](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/507-high-calorie-double-serving-freeze-dried-meals) - [Small-portion freeze-dried meals](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/163-small-portion-freeze-dried-meals) - [Freeze-dried breakfasts and desserts](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/54-freeze-dried-breakfasts-and-desserts) - [Self-heating meals and drinks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/164-self-heating-meals-and-drinks) - - [Hydration](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/267-hydration) - [Water bottles](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/375-water-bottles) - [Water filtration and purification](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/59-water-filtration-and-purification) - [Hydration reservoirs](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/109-hydration-reservoirs) - [Insulated bottles and food containers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/145-insulated-bottles-and-food-containers) - - [Hiking and camping stoves](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/487-hiking-and-camping-stoves) - [Gas stoves and fuel](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/46-gas-stoves-and-fuel) - [Wood-burning stoves and folding barbecues](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/486-wood-burning-stoves-and-folding-barbecues) - [Lighters and cooking accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/47-lighters-and-cooking-accessories) - - [Cooking utensils](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/268-cooking-utensils) - [Camping cookware sets](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/58-camping-cookware-sets) - [Plates / cups / mugs](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/56-plates-cups-mugs) - [Cutlery](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/45-cutlery) - [Cool boxes](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/108-cool-boxes) - [Food containers and insulated containers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/376-food-containers-and-insulated-containers) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [How to filter water when hiking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/163-how-to-filter-water-when-hiking) - [How to find drinking water when hiking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/57-how-to-find-drinking-water-when-hiking) - [Hydration reservoir or bottle: which is best for hiking?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/122-hydration-reservoir-or-bottle-which-is-best-for-hiking) - - [How to choose hiking cookware](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/141-how-to-choose-hiking-cookware) - [How to choose a hiking stove](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/207-how-to-choose-a-hiking-stove) - [How to save gas when hiking](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/116-how-to-save-gas-when-hiking) - [The 10 best hiking stoves](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/97-the-10-best-hiking-stoves) - [The best hiking cookware](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/206-the-best-hiking-cookware) - [Wood-burning hiking stoves: do they deliver the heat?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/162-wood-burning-hiking-stoves-do-they-deliver-the-heat) - - [Freeze-dried meals vs traditional cooking on a hike](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/161-freeze-dried-meals-vs-traditional-cooking-on-a-hike) - [What food should you take on a self-supported hike?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/181-what-food-should-you-take-on-a-self-supported-hike) - [Bushcraft](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/489-bushcraft-and-survival) - - Bushcraft camping - [Tarps and bushcraft bivouac shelters](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/474-tarps-and-bushcraft-bivouac-shelters) - - [Hammocks / camp beds](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/96-hammocks-camp-beds) - [Tipis and camouflage tents](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/490-tipis-and-camouflage-tents) - - [Waterproof bivvy bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/82-waterproof-bivvy-bags) - [Camouflage sleeping bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/477-camouflage-sleeping-bags) - - Backpacks and carrying systems - [MOLLE pouches and bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/485-molle-pouches-and-bags) - - [Waterproof storage bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/134-waterproof-storage-bags) - [Waterproof backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/467-waterproof-backpacks) - - Bushcraft equipment - [Victorinox Swiss Army multitools](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/106-victorinox-swiss-army-multitools) - [Fixed-blade bushcraft knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/478-fixed-blade-bushcraft-knives) - - [Bushcraft saws and shovels](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/491-bushcraft-saws-and-shovels) - - [Wood-burning stoves and folding barbecues](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/486-wood-burning-stoves-and-folding-barbecues) - [Lighters and cooking accessories](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/47-lighters-and-cooking-accessories) - - Survival and health - [Emergency shelters and survival blankets](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/492-emergency-shelters-and-survival-blankets) - - [Hiker's first aid](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/7-hiker-s-first-aid) - [Treated mosquito nets and insect repellent sprays](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/57-treated-mosquito-nets-and-insect-repellent-sprays) - [Water filtration and purification](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/59-water-filtration-and-purification) - [Tick protection](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/449-tick-protection) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [How to choose a bushcraft knife](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/39-how-to-choose-a-bushcraft-knife) - [How to choose your tactical backpack](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/37-how-to-choose-your-tactical-backpack) - [How to pitch a tarp: 6 setups explained step by step](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/219-how-to-pitch-a-tarp-6-setups-explained-step-by-step) - [Care and field sharpening for folding and bushcraft knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/218-care-and-field-sharpening-for-folding-and-bushcraft-knives) - [France's 72h emergency kit: a practical survival guide](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/236-france-s-72h-emergency-kit-a-practical-survival-guide) - [Which tarp for bushcraft and survival?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/216-which-tarp-for-bushcraft-and-survival) - [What is the MOLLE system for backpacks?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/38-what-is-the-molle-system-for-backpacks) - [Wood-burning hiking stoves: do they deliver the heat?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/162-wood-burning-hiking-stoves-do-they-deliver-the-heat) - [Knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/488-knives) - - [Folding knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/44-folding-pocket-knives) - [Folding pocket knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/44-folding-pocket-knives) - [EDC pocket knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/553-edc-pocket-knives) - [Gentleman's knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/554-gentleman-s-knives) - - [French knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/549-pocket-knives-made-in-france) - [French folding knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/549-pocket-knives-made-in-france) - [Opinel knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/550-opinel-knives) - [Laguiole folding knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/551-laguiole-folding-knives) - [Le Thiers knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/552-le-thiers-knives) - - [Victorinox Swiss Army multitools](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/106-victorinox-swiss-army-multitools) - [Victorinox Swiss Army multitools](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/106-victorinox-swiss-army-multitools) - Fixed-blade bushcraft knives - [Fixed-blade bushcraft knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/478-fixed-blade-bushcraft-knives) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [How to choose a bushcraft knife](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/39-how-to-choose-a-bushcraft-knife) - [How to choose a multifunction Swiss Army knife](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/238-how-to-choose-a-multifunction-swiss-army-knife) - [Care and field sharpening for folding and bushcraft knives](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/218-care-and-field-sharpening-for-folding-and-bushcraft-knives) - [Which pocket knife for outdoor activities or hiking?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/214-which-pocket-knife-for-outdoor-activities-or-hiking) - [Surviving with only a knife: myth or reality?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/242-surviving-with-only-a-knife-myth-or-reality) - [Lightweight](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/247-lightweight-hiking-gear) - - [Lightweight sleeping bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/132-lightweight-sleeping-bags) - [Lightweight sleeping bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/132-lightweight-sleeping-bags) - - [Sleeping mats](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/250-hiking-sleeping-mats) - [Lightweight inflatable sleeping mats](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/156-lightweight-inflatable-sleeping-mats) - [Lightweight self-inflating sleeping mats](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/77-lightweight-self-inflating-sleeping-mats) - - [Lightweight tents](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/124-lightweight-hiking-tents) - [Lightweight hiking tents](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/124-lightweight-hiking-tents) - - [Lightweight backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/85-lightweight-backpacks) - [Lightweight backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/85-lightweight-backpacks) - - [Our advice](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/4-advice) - [The best ultralight sleeping bags](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/107-the-best-ultralight-sleeping-bags) - [Ultralight tents: what compromises?](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/56-ultralight-tents-what-compromises) - [OFFERS](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/439-special-offers) - - Big clearance: 30 to 60% off! [Clearance: 30 to 60% off walking gear & backpacks](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-marche-sacs) [Clearance: 30 to 60% off camping gear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-bivouac) [Clearance: 30 to 60% off cycling gear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-velo) [Clearance: 30 to 60% off eating & drinking gear](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-boire-manger) [Clearance: 30 to 60% off clothing](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-textile) [Knife clearance](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-couteaux) [Everything at 50% off](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/destockage-tout-a-moins-50) - - [OFFERS](https://www.rayonrando.com/fr/promos/dernieres-pieces-40-a-60) [Last items: 40 to 60% off](https://www.rayonrando.com/fr/promos/dernieres-pieces-40-a-60) - Clothing offers [Men's clothing offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-textile-homme) [Women's clothing offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-textile-femme) [Glove, hat and sock offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-gants-bonnets-chaussettes) - Equipment offers [Tent offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-tentes) [Sleeping gear offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-couchage) [Backpack offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-sac-a-dos) [Cycling equipment offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-materiel-velo) [Hiking accessory offers](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/promos/promos-accessoires-de-randonnee) - - [![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/f9b6be3d13/w/1920.webp)Autumn clearanceUp to −60%View the selection](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/special-offers) - [Brands](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/brands) - [Randozine](https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/category/5-rayonrandozine) --- # Winter survival outdoors: mistakes to avoid Source: https://www.rayonrando.com/en/content/245-winter-survival-outdoors-mistakes-to-avoid Language: en Winter is a magnificent season for hiking, trekking, snowshoeing and camping. Landscapes are often wilder, visitor numbers lower and the atmosphere incomparable. But it is also **the season when mistakes carry the highest cost.** **Rapidly changing weather**, a **snow-covered trail**, a **battery drained** by cold or a poorly managed break can turn a pleasant outing into a difficult situation. Fortunately, most **accidents** are not caused by exceptional events. They **generally result from an accumulation of small mistakes** that gradually reduce your safety margin. Here are the main mistakes to avoid to fully enjoy your winter outings. ## Why winter increases risks in hiking and outdoor activities **Cold profoundly changes** **conditions underfoot and the body's responses**. As temperatures fall, your **body uses more energy** to maintain its internal temperature. Wind intensifies this by increasing **heat loss**, while moisture, from snow, rain or sweat, **accelerates cooling.** **Tiredness develops faster** and judgement errors become more frequent when you start feeling cold. Shorter days also reduce your room for manoeuvre. In midwinter, **darkness sometimes falls before 17:00**. A simple delay can force you to finish your hike in the dark. **Progress** also becomes **more difficult**. Even a thin layer of snow slows walking and increases effort. On icy terrain, every step requires more care, while deep snow can halve your speed. Finally, **the risk of getting lost** increases. Paths sometimes disappear beneath snow, fog greatly reduces visibility and familiar landmarks become invisible. Even a route you know perfectly in summer can become difficult to follow in winter. All **these constraints require more rigorous preparation** than in warmer months. ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/689d59877f/w/986.webp) ## Mistake no. 1: underestimating the weather Weather is probably the primary risk factor on a winter outing. A pleasant hike can quickly become much more demanding if wind strengthens, precipitation arrives earlier than expected or temperatures plunge. **In winter, looking beyond the simple number displayed by your weather app is essential.** ### Looking only at temperature A **temperature of 0°C has very different consequences** in sunshine, snowfall or a 60 km/h wind blowing over the ridges. Wind greatly increases how cold you feel and accelerates heat loss. This is called the **wind chill effect**. Similarly, moisture increases body cooling. Also check the forecast temperature at the altitude of your outing. It may be a few degrees above freezing in the car park and several degrees below just a few hundred metres higher. ### Neglecting wind, precipitation and changing conditions Mountain weather sometimes changes very quickly. **Snowfall** can **hide tracks in minutes**. **Fog** can greatly **reduce** **visibility** and make navigation much more complex. **Freezing rain** can turn an easy path into **a real ice rink.** So do not only check the forecast at departure. **Also check how conditions will develop throughout your outing, along with any weather warnings.** ### Adapt your route or turn back when conditions deteriorate Changing your objective or postponing your outing is **no failure.** If conditions are worse than expected, **choose a shorter route**, less exposed to wind or at lower altitude. And if forecasts become truly poor, the best decision is often to **stay home**. The mountain will still be there tomorrow. ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/59c2e921b6/w/989.webp) ## Mistake no. 2: choosing clothing poorly Cold is generally not a problem while walking. Difficulties begin during breaks or when clothing is damp. The **three-layer principle** remains the best solution: - a **breathable base layer** to wick sweat away; - an **insulating layer** to retain warmth; - a windproof, waterproof **outer layer**. **Avoid cotton**. Once wet, it dries very slowly and encourages cooling. **The most important thing is managing your temperature during exertion.** If you start sweating heavily, open your jacket or remove a hat or layer before getting soaked. Preventing sweat is much easier than drying damp clothing in the cold. At **every break**, quickly put on a **warm layer** to prevent your body cooling down. ***Trail tip***: carry a **foam sit mat**. Weighing only a few tens of grams, it lets you sit comfortably on snow or a damp rock without getting cold. Failing that, sit on your gloves rather than directly on the ground. This avoids wet trousers, always unpleasant in low temperatures. ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/536b8ea490/w/715.webp) ## Mistake no. 3: setting out with incomplete equipment Winter requires slightly different equipment from summer. Some items become almost indispensable: - a **head torch** with a fully charged battery; - an **emergency blanket**; - a spare **pair of gloves** and **hat**; - a **hot drink** in a vacuum flask: before filling it, pour boiling water inside for a few minutes. This preheats the walls and keeps your drink hot much longer; - a **power bank**; - a **map** and **compass**, even if using GPS; - depending on conditions: **poles**, **crampons** or **snowshoes**. **Cold** is particularly **bad for lithium batteries**. It can dramatically reduce battery life. Keep your phone and power bank in an **inside pocket**, against your jacket, rather than an outer backpack pocket. **Warmers** can make hands and feet more comfortable. However, they **never replace good insulation**. If you are already hypothermic, their effectiveness is very limited. ## Mistake no. 4: neglecting food and hydration **Cold** **tends to reduce thirst**. Yet your body continues losing water through breathing, sweating and producing heat. **Waiting until you feel thirsty** is therefore a **mistake.** Drink regularly throughout the day, even small amounts. A hot drink is often more pleasant than icy water and encourages better hydration. Your **body also uses** **more energy** to maintain its temperature. It is therefore normal to **need more calories than on a summer hike.** Choose foods that are easy to eat in the cold: **dried fruit, walnuts, almonds, cereal bars, cheese, chocolate or dried sausage**. Eating small amounts regularly is better than waiting for a long lunch break. Regular food and hydration directly help maintain alertness, heat production and endurance: three essentials for moving safely in winter. ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/e4ad104320/w/905.webp) ## Mistake no. 5: managing effort poorly In winter, managing effort is almost as important as choosing equipment. The most common mistake is **setting off too fast**. After a few minutes, you feel hot and sweat, then keep damp clothing on because you do not want to stop to remove a layer. Yet **this sweat becomes your worst enemy** as soon as you slow down or stop. Damp clothing loses much of its insulating power. Cooling can then be very rapid, particularly in wind. Ideally, start slightly cool and **adjust your clothing as you exert yourself**. Opening your jacket or removing a hat as soon as you warm up is often more effective than waiting until soaked. Manage breaks carefully too. As soon as you stop, put on a warm layer before even feeling cold. For a longer break, find somewhere sheltered from wind and avoid direct contact with snowy or damp ground as much as possible. Finally, **consider your return time.** In winter, a safety margin is your best ally. **Set off early enough and set a turnaround time, even if you have not yet reached your objective.** Turning back a few hundred metres from the summit can be frustrating, but often ensures a safe, calm return. ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/05803059b6/w/958.webp) ## Mistake no. 6: ignoring early signs of hypothermia and frostbite **Hypothermia** does not usually happen suddenly. It **develops gradually, and early signs can be subtle.** Persistent **shivering** is the **first warning sign**. This may be followed by **loss of dexterity**, difficulty operating a zip, **unusual tiredness**, **reduced alertness or abnormal behaviour.** **Frostbite** mainly affects the extremities: **fingers, toes, nose and ears.** It often starts with numbness before the skin becomes very pale or whitish. At the slightest doubt, react immediately. **Shelter from the wind**, **replace damp clothing** if possible, add a warm layer and give a hot drink if the person is conscious. One misconception persists: the hip flask of alcohol that “warms you up”. **In reality, the opposite is true.** Alcohol **dilates blood vessels**, creating a temporary feeling of warmth. But this **sensation is deceptive**. Your body actually loses more heat, and cold-related warning signs are less clearly perceived. Alcohol also impairs judgement, creating an additional risk. The best drink against cold is therefore… **a hot, alcohol-free drink.** ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/75ba48ed13/w/822.webp) ## Mistake no. 7: improvising your route A winter route is not planned like a summer one. Snow, ice or frozen terrain considerably slow progress. **A route described as taking four hours in summer can easily take five or six in winter.** Always allow a comfortable **time margin**, consider daylight hours and identify a fallback route for poor conditions. **Before departure, also tell someone close to you your route and expected return time.** This simple precaution can save valuable time if rescuers need to intervene. ### Do not underestimate avalanche risk Whenever you hike in snowy mountains, **avalanche risk must be part of your preparation.** The first step is to consult the avalanche risk bulletin **(BERA)** published by Météo-France. It gives the **risk level** and valuable information on the most exposed slope aspects and altitudes. It is also important to know a key reference: **an avalanche can start on a slope of 30°**. Many hikers assume a dangerous slope must be very steep, yet a 30° slope often looks relatively moderate on the ground. To plan your route better, [**use the slope map available on Géoportail (IGN maps)**](https://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/donnees/carte-des-pentes). It quickly shows areas exceeding 30°, 35° or 40° and helps identify potentially avalanche-prone zones. Finally, remember that an avalanche transceiver (ARVA or DVA), **shovel and probe are rescue equipment**. They improve the chances of finding a buried victim, but never make a route safe. The best strategy is always to avoid risky slopes and **accept changing or cancelling your outing when conditions require it**. ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/d29fa3d0f5/w/869.webp) ## Mistake no. 8: overestimating your experience It is better to build experience gradually. Start with **familiar routes**, **with little exposure and suited to conditions**. Learn to use your equipment correctly, **manage your pace** and **recognise situations that require turning back.** If you plan regular outings in snowy mountains, training in snow travel, crampon use, winter navigation or avalanche risk management is an excellent investment. **Experience means knowing how to avoid risks, rather than taking more.** ![](https://rayonrando-medias.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/products/content/f7fb51f46b/w/962.webp) ## Conclusion Surviving winter is not an exceptional feat. In the vast majority of cases, **it all depends on good preparation and decisions** made before the situation becomes difficult. Choosing a suitable route, checking weather, carrying the right equipment, managing effort, staying hydrated and recognising early signs of cooling are simple actions that greatly reduce risks. Ultimately, the real principle of winter outdoor activity is to **always retain a margin**: time before darkness, energy before exhaustion, warmth before feeling cold, and safety in route selection. If there were just one quality to remember in an experienced outdoor enthusiast, it would undoubtedly be this: **knowing when to turn back.** The mountain will still be there tomorrow, and returning is always more pleasant than having to rely on rescuers. ## FAQ ### Can you hike in winter without being an expert? Yes, provided you progress gradually. Choose routes suited to your ability, check weather forecasts, equip yourself properly and accept changing your objectives if conditions worsen. Experience builds gradually, rather than through putting yourself in difficulty. ### How can you avoid hypothermia on a winter hike? The best approach is planning ahead. Wear several breathable layers, limit sweating by adjusting your pace, eat and drink regularly, and put on a warm layer at every break. If shivering becomes pronounced or alertness drops, it is time to shorten the outing. ### What is the best drink to carry in winter? A hot drink in a vacuum flask remains the best option. Preheat the flask with boiling water before filling it to keep your drink hot longer. ### Are warmers really useful? Yes, but consider them an additional comfort measure. They keep hands or feet warm when used preventively. However, they cannot treat hypothermia. Wearing suitable clothing and staying dry always remain the priority. ### Why should you avoid alcohol in cold weather? Alcohol gives a false feeling of warmth. In reality, it accelerates body heat loss, masks early signs of cooling and impairs judgement. It therefore creates an additional risk in winter environments. ### At what slope angle does avalanche risk arise? The risk becomes significant at around 30°. Before any outing in snowy mountains, consult the BERA and use Géoportail's slope map to identify the most exposed areas. ### How can you protect your phone battery from cold? Cold greatly reduces lithium battery life. Keep your phone and power bank in an inside pocket, as close to your body as possible. Avoid leaving them in an outer backpack pocket for hours. ### What is the most important quality for winter survival? The ability to retain a margin. This means allowing extra time, carrying suitable equipment, managing effort, accepting changes to your objective and, above all, turning back before conditions deteriorate. 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